Syntax Magazine

SYNTAX

A PUBLICATION OF THE HARVARD

VOL. 5 NO.IO

ISSN 0273-2696

OCT. 1984

IN THIS ISSUE

SINCLAIR CONSIDERS SELLING SPECTRUM+ IN

US

8K Programs

Towers of Hanoi . 12

TS2068 Programs
Towers of Hanoi . 12

Book Reviews
Practical Guide to
Machine Language
Programming on the

Timex/Sinclair . 8

Key Finder Card . 10

Classified Ads . 20

News . 1

New Products and
Services . 2

RAND USR 8 39/7 . 2

Software Articles 2068
ROM Atlas Spectrum to

TS2 068 . 3

VAL$ on 2 06 8 . 10

Syntax Errors . 2

Index of Advertisers

TS Horizons . 14

The Harvard Group/Syntax

Books . 13

Connector . 8

DeadSoft tm . 19

Mindware . 4,8,15

Sinclair . 10

Sof tSync . 6,13,17

UK sales of the Spectrum with a QL keyboard,
began upon its announcement. According to
Nigel Searle, Managing Director, ZX Spectrum+
"consolidates & enhances our long-established
position as market leader in the UK, where
over 1 million Spectrums have been sold.

With significant production volumes available
immediately, this new computer will make a
major impact world-wide in the 1984 Christmas
market and beyond."

Spectrum-r offers full compatibility with
existing Spectrum software and peripherals.
Seventeen additional keys plus a space bar
let many operations be performed with a
single keystroke. Besides the real keyboard.
You also get a reset button to clear the
computer without unplugging the power.

With the ZX Expansion System, you end up
with a microdrive, RS-232, and LAN.

Sinclair informs SYNTAX that they are
considering selling Spectrum+ in the US. UK
pricing is L180 with Tasword 2, VU-3D and
four games. Interface I comes with 4 Micro¬
drive cartridges containing a database
manager, utilities and other programs at a
cost of £99 in the UK.

To encourage Sinclair to sell this
machine here, write to Sinclair Research,
Ltd., 50 Staniford St. Boston, MA 02114.

SINCLAIR DEVELOPS 1-MBYTE MEMORY WAFER

According to reports in EE Times, Sinclair
Radionics has developed wafer-scale, serial-
access memory with battery backup using a 12-
year-old technique to connect low-power NMOS
dynamic RAM cells in a redundant logic struc¬
ture. Sinclair Radionics plans to bring
these to market during 1985. Plans call for
a 4-in square, 1-in thick, 1 Megabyte memory
with battery backup. EE Times suggests that
the price could be as low as $25 0 — competing
strongly with conventional disks.

1

SYNTAX ERRORS: RAND USR 8 39 will
not function as we said. To LOAD
without autorun, select FAST mode
and use RAND USR 837 instead.
LOADing stops with report C/0 and
you then LIST or SAVE the program.
Thanks to H. K. Olsen of Prince
George, BC for the correct method.

NEW PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

$CRYPTIC GOLD$ combines a 2K BASIC
program, a gameboard, answer data,
a program listing and a tape on
which to save your program. This
trivia game generates the next
question from the correct answer to
the previous one — but wrong answers
garble the following question. Tex
Micro plans tournaments with cash
prizes around major holidays, with
"GO" codes published in a national
daily newspaper. Between contests,
use the question generator to make
your own puzzles. About $30, from
Tex Micro Inc. 3700 S. Hopkins,
Titusville FL 32780. 305/631-1715.

Want to understand the Fifth Gener¬
ation babble you hear in computer
circles? Looking for a layman's
introduction to Artificial Intell¬
igence? Could PROLOG be someone's
epilogue? Try THE FIFTH GENERATION
Artificial Intelligence and Japan' s
Computer Challenge to the World.
ISBN 0-451-13153-3 $3.95 US $4.95
in Canada.

ZX-CALC accounting model comprises
a set of templates to prepare ten
fundamental financial reports for
sole proprietorships. Available on
ZX-CALC cassette with built-in
templates for $19.95, or a printout
from which you enter the templates
to your copy of ZX-CALC and save
the resulting program — $8.00. Add
$1.50 S&H per item. Use with ZX/TS
with 32K RAM. From AFR Software,
1605 Pennsylvania Av, #204, Miami
Beach, FL 33139 305/531-6464

Budget Robotics & Computing
purchased the rights to make and

sell the Computer Continuum
Buffered Buss Development Board.
Bare board with documentation and
parts list, $40 PPD. Works with
all ZX/TS including ZX80.

RX81 boards also available for
use with Buffered Buss Board or to
plug direct to ZX/TS or 2068. Get
8 I/O's per board, can use several
Bare board plus documentation: $10
PPD. Budget Robotics & Computing,
Box 18616, Tucson, AZ 85731.

Graphics Tablet for 2068 consists
of a tablet by Koala Technologies,
ZebraPainter Cassette software, and
the Zebra Graphics Interface. Lets
you draw hi-res pictures into your
2068 in extended color mode. All
hardware and software plus manual
$119.95 From Zebra Systems, Inc.,
78-06 Jamaica Av., Woodhaven, NY
11421 718/296-2385.

Centronics cable with 16K printer
buffer for only $119.95 plugs
between printer and interface to
give the effect of a very high¬
speed printer. Digital Devices
Corp., 4 30 Tenth St., Suite N2 05 ,
Atlanta, GA 30318. 800/554-4898

(in GA, 4 04/872-4430)

Writer's Digest Books offers its
new edition — 1985 Programmer's Mar¬
ket — edited by Brad McGehee. We
checked, and find 17 listings for
Timex-Sinclair software markets.

If you also write for some other
machines, you'll find a total of
700 markets here, plus articles and
guides to the freelance business.
$16.95 + $1.50 S&H. Writer's Digest
9933 Alliance Rd, Cincinnati, OH
45242. CC orders call 800/543-4644

Monitor tuners let you use TV
signals on your monitor. Connect
several computers on different
channels to a single monitor, or
take a break and watch the news.
Model MT/1 offers 60 channels with
remote control ($200) while model
MT/2 tunes manually on all VHF/UHF
channels ($100). Available in many

2

computer stores. Illustrated
literature from CARDCO, INC., 300
S. Topeka, Wichita, KS 67202.

Oddball Software tm Magazine will
publish programs of use to limited
audiences. It solicits submissions
of software for any computer, and
subscriptions. MC/VISA $15/6 iss.
Meninges Publishing, POB 1385,
Pittsfield, MA 01202.

Interface Designs stopped selling
HS-1 interfaces for TS1000'S, but
is developing 2068 products.

The Canadian Copy Store is alleged
to be at it again — now with pirate
copies of UPLOAD. (The 2068 loader
commissioned by SYNTAX (Dec. 83) as
FIRSTLOADER by David Ornstein, &
sold legally on tape (in 40 84) as
UPLOAD by E-Z Key, Zebra Systems,
Ramex Inti., & E. Arthur Brown.)

COMPARATIVE ROM ATLAS:

FROM ZX SPECTRUM TO 2068

To convert SPECTRUM software
to the 2068, you need the location
and function of ROM routines in
each. You can buy the annotated
ROM disassembly from Melbourne
House or Zebra Systems. Timex
sells the 2068 technical manual.

Our cross-index links the two ROMs.

This atlas lists routines in
order of their hex address in the
SPECTRUM ROM and provides the hex
address for the corresponding 2068
routine. Labels and names for the
SPECTRUM routines come from The
Complete Spectrum ROM Disassembly
by Ian Logan and Frank O'Hara. All
labels and names for 2068 functions
come from Corcoran and Branigin's
Timex 2068 Technical Manual .

To disassemble the TS2068 Home
ROM and 8K Extension ROM (EXROM) ,
you will need a program like HOT Z
(Reviewed in SYNTAX May 84). HOT Z
has a large names file which you
can load along with the program to

provide subroutine names and some
labels for the disassembly. HOT Z
self-starts in disassembly mode, to
display the Home ROM from 0000h.

In order to disassemble or use
EXROM routines, you must enable the
bank-switching logic, perform the
desired task, then de-activate the
EXROM. The 8K EXROM overlays the
first 8K chunk of the 16K Home ROM.

To illustrate, the following
code copies EXROM to RAM at 8 000h,
from which you can disassemble or
display it.

DI

LD A, 01
OUT (F4 ) , A
IN A, (FF)

SET 7, A
OUT (FF) , A
LD HL ,0000
LD DE ,8000

Headscan (SYNTAX Sep. 84) MC is
an example of EXROM use. If you
want to change the header storage
location in RAM, change LD IX,FA3C
to , say, LD IX, 8000.

Finally, a note concerning the
cassette routines of the 2068. All
are located in the EXROM, but use
subroutines and RST's in the Home
ROM. When a call to the Home ROM
or RST occurs, bank switching must
take place. This adds code to the
SPECTRUM documented by Logan.

Corresponding to every CALL or
RST in SPECTRUM cassette routines,
you find, in the TS2068 EXROM, a
23-byte code segment which starts
with PUSH IX and ends with POP IX.
This code preserves and sets up
registers and calls the service
routine at 0F99h in the EXROM. The
service routine transfers the calls
to the bank switching code in 2 068
RAM, which in turn completes the
call to the Home ROM.

N. A. Pashtoon, Port Jefferson, NY

uD ^rAY)\0V)

LDIR

XOR A

OUT (FF) , A
OUT (F4 ) , A
El
RET

3

Closeout of old stock— NOT QUICKLOAD— tapes unlabeled, manuals photo¬
copied. Originally priced from $10-40. $8 ea, $21/3, $25/5 PPD.

GULP Run for your life, pursued by the hungry ogre. I

Everybody’s favorite game of maze pursuit and counterpur¬
suit. Try to escape from the relentless ogre through five dif¬
ferent maze formats. At the same time, accumulate points
as you gulp everything in your path.

The more you gulp the angrier your pursuer gets and the
faster he chases you. Nine game speeds and nine levels of
difficulty let you set the pace, from moderate to frantic!
Quick reflexes are a must! Caution though, highly addictive.
Hardware requirement — 16K.

SPACE INTRUDERS Play the world famous arcade game!

The intruders are coming! 40 alien ships in each squadron!
You must defend your position with the three laser guns
under your command. There’s no time to rest. After you
defeat one squadron, another will follow, just as determined
to land.

Four bases protect you, but disintegrate under the constant
bombardment of the intruders. Action speeds up as the
game progresses. The full score is displayed on the screen.
For a change of pace, you can set the automatic option and
watch the machine play itself. Hardware requirement —
16K.

STOCK MARKET Are you a bull or a bear? Find out in a
continually fluctuating market with up to four players. You
could make a bundle or lose your shirt!

The ZX81 stock market is no place for the faint-hearted.
Prices of shares change continuously and randomly, and
you have only a short time to decide whether to buy, sell, or
pass.

“Buy low and sell high” is the object, but don’t let the value
of your portfolio drop to zero. You’re out of luck — and out
of the game — once you’ve lost your “stake.” Fast, enter¬
taining, educational, and enlightening. Hardware require¬
ment — 16K.

TEXT EDITOR A sophisticated word processor for an
unbeatable price! The program includes a text editor and a
formatter/printer. Unlike some word processors, training
time on TEXT is minimal; an inexperienced operator can be
producing perfect documents in no time at all.

The speed and convenience of on-screen editing and for¬
mat planning is yours with TEXT. Lets you rewrite copy, cor¬
rect errors, check spelling, change numbers — make it
perfect — before you print your document. The format¬
ter/printer justifies it and formats according to commands.
Hardware requirement — 16K.

STATISTICS Tired of doing math by hand? Here are three
programs for computing statistics rapidly and accurately.

There are three programs on the cassette. Program 1 has
three parts: (1) Statistics — Calculates the current mean
and the standard deviation after each value is entered. (2)
Regression — calculates the current mean and the stan¬
dard deviation of the X and Y values and the intercept and
slope of the regression line. (3) Trend — calculates the cur¬
rent mean and standard deviation of the X and Y values and
the intercept and slope trend lines. Program 2 enables you
to perform a Chi Squared Text, and Program 3, Graphs plot,
plots a graph of data entered from the keyboard. Hardware
requirement — IK.

ORDER FROM SYNTAX

ORDER FROM SYNTAX

© 1984

SPECTRUM

TS

2068

SPECTRUM

TS

2068

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

NAME

Addr

Addr

NAME

NAME

Addr

Addr

NAME

START

OOOO

0000

PLUGIN

CL-ATR

0E89

09C3

ERROR-1

0008

0008

CL-ADDR

0E9B

09D6

PRINT -A-l

0010

0010

WRCH

COPY

OEAC

0A02

K-DUMP

GET-CHAR

0018

0018

COPY-BUFF

OECD

0A2 3

DUMP PR

NEXT-CHAR

0020

0020

CLEAR-PRB

OEDF

0A3 5

CLPR

FP-CALC

0028

0028

COPY-LINE

0EF4

0A4A

PRSCAN

BC-SPACES

0030

0030

EDITOR

OF 2C

0A82

EDIT-K

MASK-INT

0038

0030

ADD-CHAR

0F8 1

0AE7

INSA

004F

004F

PHLAF

ED-EDIT

0FA9

OBI 2

ERROR-2

0053

0053

ED-DOWN

OFF 3

OB 5 9

ERROR-3

0055

0055

LE 3

ED-LEFT

1007

0B6B

RESET

0066

0066

ED-RIGHT

100C

0B73

NO-RESET

0070

0070

ED-DELETE

1015

0B7B

DELSYM

CH-ADD+1

0074

0074

NEXTCH

ED-ENTER

1024

0B8 A

TEMP-PTR1

0077

0077

NC-HL

ED-EDGE

1031

0B97

TEMP-PTR2

0078

0078

TC-HL

ED-UP

1059

OBBF

SKIP-OVER

007D

007D

ED-SYMBOL

1076

OBDC

TOKENS

0095

0098

TOKENS

ED-ERROR

1 07F

0BE9

KEYTBL

0227

0245

CLEAR-SP

1097

OBFE

DEL-K

KEY-SCAN

028E

02B0

K-SCAN

KEY-INPUT

1 0A8

OCOE

IN - K

KEYBOARD

02BF

02E1

UPD-K

ED-COPY

HID

0C83

ECHO

K-REPEAT

0310

0336

1 REMOVE-FP

11A7

ODOD

DESLUG

K-TEST

031E

035C

K-BASE

NEW

1 1B7

0D1D

K-NEW

K-DECODE

0333

0371

CHCODE

START/NEW

11CB

0D31

IN IT

BEEPER

03B5

03F 3

PARP

RAM-SET

1219

0D7F

NEW

BEEP

03F8

0436

BEEP

MAIN-EXEC

1 2A2

0E28

PRINT-OUT

09F 4

0500

SEND-TV

MAIN-1

12A9

0E2F

LED18

PO-BACK- 1

0A2 3

0 5 3 A

P-LFT

MAIN-4

1303

0ED8

LED4

PO-RIGHT

OA 3D

0554

P-RT

REPORT-MSG

1391

0F65

PO-ENTER

0A4F

0566

P-NL

MAIN-ADD

155D

1158

PO-COMMA

0A5F

0576

CH-INFO

1 5AF

11AA

CHINIT

PO-QUEST

OA 69

0580

INIT-STR

15C6

11C1

SMINIT

PO-TV-2

0A6D

0584

WAIT-KEY

1 5D4

1 1CF

RDCH

0A9B

0 5B2

SET-AT

INPUT-AD

1 5E6

1 1E1

INCH

PO-ABLE

0AD9

05F0

OUT-CODE

1 5EF

11EA

PUTDIG

PO-STORE

OADC

05F 3

STTVCU

PRINT-A-2

15F2

1 1 ED

SENDCH

PO-FETCH

0B03

061 A

LDTVCU

CHAN-OPEN

1601

1230

SELECT

PO-ANY

0B24

063B

REPORT - 0

1 60E

1 2 3D

ERRO

PO-ALL

0B7F

06B4

CHAN-FLAG

1615

1248

SEL-HL

PO-ATTR

OBDB

0710

ATTBYT

CHAN-K

1634

1 29 A

PO-MSG

OCOA

073F

PUTMES

CHAN-s

1642

12A8

PO-SAVE

0C3B

0776

PR - TV 2

CHAN-P

1 64D

1 2B3

PO-SEARCH

OC 41

077C

ONE-SPACE

1652

12B8

INS1

PO-SCR

OC 5 5

0790

TVFUL?

MAKE-ROOM

1655

1 2BB

INSERT

REPORT-5

0C8 6

07C 1

ERR 5

POINTERS

1664

1 2CA

REMGSZ

TEMPS

0D4D

0888

R-ATTS

LINE-ZERO

1 68F

1 31 E

CLS

0D6B

08 A 6

K-CLS

LINE-NO

1695

1324

GET-LN

CLS-LOWER

0D6E

08A9

CLLHS

RESERVE

1 69E

1 3 2D

LCU2

CL-ALL

ODAF

08E A

CLS

SET-MIN

1630

133F

CLEL

CL-SET

0DD9

0914

SET-CUR

SET-WORK

16BF

1 34E

X-CALC

CL-SC-ALL

ODFE

0939

SCRL

REC-EDIT

1 6D4

1363

X-T-HL

CL-LINE

0E^4

097F

CLS-B

SET-STK

16C5

1354

RESET

5

SoftSync — ORDER FROM SYNTAX

tfrITUClK'UIO U.V
miss i • m *\ m »»»» fun

GRAPHICS KIT 16K
GRAPHICS KIT 16K

PROGRAMMERS
TOOLKIT J6K,

V-^SE/fRCM bA'(QEj

• a V ’**• F1P *• ,

Graphics Kit^re Compatible

Programmers

PROGRAMMERS’ AIDS

MOTHERSHIP

3D GRAPHICS FOR YOUR TS1000? When you
see yourself peering out of the cockpit of your
Starlight Fighter, screaming down the Zarway
« ^5^TTi~ryT^Tk^ space corridor towards the ominous MOTHERSHIP,

you won't believe your eyes, because the
are so good.

:/ ' The enemy MOTHERSHIP is maneuvering out

^ space preparing to take over your beloved

planet. She's launching an all out attack,
sending out wave after wave of drone fighters.

^ They're pouring down the Zarway - all around you

^ - firing deadly lasers. You can maneuver in all

directions to dodge them. Knock off ten and you
r get a clear shot at the MOTHERSHIP, if she doesn't

J,~ get you first!

MOTHERSHIP is an original arcade game written in machine code with one or two player choices,
three levels of play, on-screen scoring and fast action - like you've never seen before on your

16K $16.95

TS1000/ZX81

RED ALERT

Scramble on board your ship, check the
computer for STATUS - The screen says you've got
"* plenty of fuel, bombs and missiles.

^ ^ And you're in the air, dodging oncoming aliens

‘ -« who are firing rockets at you, skimming above

E menacing mountains from which rockets are

being fired at you. You can maneuver up and
down, shooting the aliens with missiles, five at a
time and dropping bombs three at a time on the
mountains below.

Destroy a ship for ten points, a fuel dump for 15
‘H^ri A M[1 points and knock down an enemy missile for five

But watch your fuel rate— if 'empty' appears on
you're in for it. And if you lose all three of your ships, you're finished,
g machine code graphics game is rated as the closest Timex 1000 program toan

16K $14.95

Licensed from Paul Holmes

MACHINE CODE TEST TOOL

We brought some of these MACHINE
CODE TEST TOOLS back from England for our

^ programs.

The 32 page book contains practical examples and 'hands on' experience of using machine
code programs, ft also examines the TS1000/ZX81 ROM and how BASIC programs are stored in
RAM. A HEX: decimal conversion routine is contained within the program. 16K $19.95

NIGHTGUNNER

You peer into the inky black sky from your
v JM J\ position as the tail gunner in a bomber plane,

\« £g " Jb searching for enemy aircraft. Suddenly, from

//$ \ above, a fighter plane swoops down, machine

/ #/ Ar^\x. \ \ gun bullets flaring at you. You swing your tail gun

I / f” \ \ \ into position, line up your sights and fire. "Take

i \ \ \ that, you dusty little hunchback!" you yell with

— . — I — i * I < 1 1 I 1,1 . r-^-j — 1 — satisfaction as the aircraft disappears from the

I yAMnV VDV / / / sky. But such triumphs are short-lived when you

\ JjP^Y^V T gJ&I- / • J play NIGHTGUNNER because there are always

\ ' j more enemy planes coming at you from all

PWLk\ ' L^yLjfLJL. y Wm directions, weaving randomly. With nimble

/ fingers you can quickly maneuver your gun in
any djrectj0n ancj f|re But each round gets faster
and harder. NIGHTGUNNER also features on-screen scoring, high score and ammunition count as
well as bonus points. 16K $14.95

Licensed from Digital Integration

ZX81 is a registered trademark of Sinclair Research Ltd.
TS-1000 is a registered trademark of Timex Corp.

ORDER FROM SYNTAX

© 1984

SPECTRUM

TS

2068

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

NAME

Addr

Addr

NAME

INDEXER

1 6DC

136B

SEARCH

1374

SRCHSC

CLOSE

16E3

1 39F

CLOSE

1 6EB

13A8

RSTSTR

CLOSE-2

1701

1 3BE

CLCHAN

OPEN

1736

1 42A

OPEN

OPEN-1

1756

1 45E

OPEN-2

1 75D

1465

OPCHAN

CAT-ETC.

1793

2 5C8

CAT

AUTO-LIST

1795

1 4E1

LIST

LLIST

17F5

1541

K-LLST

LIST

17F9

1545

K-LIST

1860

1 5 AC

LPO

OUT-LINE

1855

1 5A1

PUT-SR?

0UT-LINE2

187D

1 5C9

PUT

NUMBER

18B6

1602

OUT-FLASH

1 8C1

1 60D

FLASHA

OUT-CURS

1 8E1

1 62D

PR-CUR

LN-FETCH

1 90F

1 65B

NEXT-L

LN-STORE

1 91 C

1668

DE-HL

0UT-SP2

1925

1671

LINE- ADDR

196E

1 6D6

FIND-L

CP-LINES

1980

1 6E8

CP-BC

1988

1 6F0

SUBLIN

EACH-STMT

1 98B

1 6F3

SU3LN1

NEXT-ONE

1 9B8

1720

RECLEN

DIFFER

1 9DD

1745

RECLAIM-1

19E5

1 74D

DEL-DE

RECLAIM-2

1 9E8

1750

DELREC

E-LINE-NO

1 9BF

1768

LINENO

OUT-NUM-1

1A1B

1788

PUT-BC

OUT -NUM-2

1A28

1795

PU-LN

OUT-NUM-3

1 A30

1 79D

LINE-SCAN

1B17

1A2 7

SYNTAX

STMT-LOOP

1 B28

1 A44

LS4

SEPARATOR

1 B6F

1 AB2

STMT-RET

1B76

1 AB9

LINE-RUN

1 B8 A

1 AD8

EXCUTE

LINE-NEW

1 AEC

1 B9E

REM

1 BB2

1 BOO

LINE-END

1 BB3

1 B09

LINE-USE

1 BBF

1B15

NEXT-LINE

1 BD1

1B27

STMT-RET

1B76

1 AB9

ENDSTT

CHECK-END

1 Bee

1 B44

END?

STMT-NEXT

1 BF4

1 B4A

ENDTEM

CLASS-01

1C1F

1B82

TEM1

REPORT-2

1C2E

1 B91

ERR2

VAL-FET-2

1C59

1 BBC

LT22

SPECTRUM

TS

2068

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

NAME

Addr

Addr

NAME

NEXT-2-NUM

1C79

1 BDC

DYADIC

CLASS-06

1 C8 2

1 BE5

TEM6

REPORT-C

1 C8 A

1 BED

SYNERR

CLASS-OA

1 C8C

1 BEF

TEM10

PERMS

1C96

1 BF 9

FETCH-NUM

1 CDE

1C49

OPTNO

USE-ZERO

1 CE6

1 C51

STK-0

STOP

1CEE

1 C 59

STOP

IF

1 CFO

1C5B

FOR

1 D03

1C78

FOR

LOOK-PROG

1D86

1 D28

SKIP

NEXT

1DAB

1 D 5 5

NEXT

READ

1 DEC

1D96

READ

DATA

1E27

1E82

DATA

RESTORE

1 E42

1E9D

RANDOMIZE

1 E4F

1 ED4

RAND

REST-RUN

1E45

1 ECA

RESTBC

CONTINUE

1E5F

1 EE4

CONT

GO TO

1E67

1 EF1

DUMP

OUT

1E7A

1F04

POKE

1E80

1 FOA

TWO-PARAM

1E85

1 FOF

FIND-INTI

1 E94

1F1E

FIX-U1

FIND-INT2

1 E99

1F23

FIX-U

REPORT-B

1F.9F

1F29

ERRB

RUN

1 EA1

1F2E

CLEAR

IE AC

1F3 6

CLEAR

CLEAR-RUN

1 EAF

1F39

CLR-BC

GOSUB

1EED

1 F 99

GO-SUB

TEST-ROOM

1F05

1FBB

CHK-SZ

REPORT-4

1 F 1 5

1FCF

ERR4

RETURN

1 F 2 3

1FD4

RETURN

PAUSE

1 F 3 A

1FEF

PAUSE

BREAK-KEY

1 F 54

2009

BREAK

DEF FN

1 F 60

201D

DEF

* * * *

*■*-**

2128

SOUND

UNSTACK-Z

1FC3

214F

LPRINT

1FC9

2155

K-LPR

PRINT

1FCD

2159

K-PRN

PRINT-2

1 FDF

217E

P-SEQ

PRINT-CR

1 FF 5

2194

PRINT -ITEM1

1FFC

219B

PR-STRING

203C

21 DB

PR-END-Z

2045

21E4

PR-ST-END

2048

21E7

TERM?

PR-POS-1

2 04E

21 ED

STR-ALTER

2070

220F

STRITO

INPUT

2089

222B

INPUT

IN-ITEM-1

20C1

226B

I - SEQ,

7

BOOK REVIEW

Title:

A Practical Guide to
Machine Lanauaae
Proaramminq on the
Timex/Sinclair

Author :

David B. Wood

Pages :

250+ii (Softcover)

Machines :

ZX8 0 & MicroAce w/ 8K ROM
ZX/TS (Usable w/ Spectrum
and TS2068)

From:

SIRIUSWARE ,

6 Turning Mill

Lexington, MA 02173

ISBN:

0-926848-00-3

Price :

$14.95 + $1 P&H

I like this book. It's well
written, stays on point, applies
directly to your ZX/TS, includes
operable program listings and lets
you learn painlessly.

Using only 16 chapters and 8
appendices, Dave takes you on a
guided tour of the Z80 in Sinclair
country, distinguishing the CPU
properties from the system behavior
with clarity and flair. Your tour
guide is an expert whose practical
experience includes writing the
word processor "WORD*" on which
this book is written. Appendix 4
contains Dave's assembler, written
in BASIC, for you to type in and
use to try routines.

Appendix six catalogs the ROM
routines into nine functional areas
and then provides address, exit and
entrance conditions, plus a concise
operational description for each.

Other appendices collect wide¬
ly available reference material and
organize it for use with this book.

From the following list of
chapter titles you get an insight
to what's covered:

1 Bridging the Gap

2 Locating Machine Code

3 Software Tools

4 Organization of Memory

5 Finding Your Way Around
BASIC

6 Getting at the Variables

7 FAST and SLOW Mode

8 Manipulating Memory Space

9 Aborting

10 Writing to the TV Screen

11 Communication and Passing
Parameters

12 Reading the Keyboard

13 Scanning BASIC

14 The Floating Point Calcu¬
lator

15 The INs and OUTs of Tape
Read/Write

16 Programming and Debugging
Hints

Every chapter contains program
listings that do real things — for
example read a tape into a space
above RAMTOP — that enable you to do
something more with your machine.
You don't need a lot of knowledge
to use these routines, but as you
use them you'll find other MC books
making more sense. If you already
know Z80 code, you'll get the ROM
environment and utilities straight.

One of the strongest features
of this book is it's accuracy. All
routines were re-entered from the
galley proofs to make sure they did
not contain typos. The assembler
listing came directly from Dave's
computer and 80-column printer. I
found only line 6990 difficult to
enter — use shift Q for the quotes
enclosing the right parenthesis.

Privately, Dave told SYNTAX
that most of the 8K ROM functions
exist — using the same code — in the
TS2068. Only the display and tape
handling differ substantially. He
figures about half the book applies
to the 2068. By extension, a like
fraction should apply to your ZX
Spectrum or to the emulators.

COVERED ZX FEEDTHROUGH CONNECTORS

Connector, extender PC bd., cover w
side cable exit & screws. $10 ppd

ORDER FROM SYNTAX

8

© 1984

SPECTRUM

TS

2068

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

NAME

Addr

Addr

NAME

IN-ASSIGN

21B9

2363

REPORT-H

21D4

237E

ERRH

IN-CHAN-K

21D6

2380

NOTKB?

CO-TEMP-1

21E1

2 38B

CO-TEMP-2

21E2

2 38C

GR-COL

CO-TEMP-4

21FC

23A6

COLITM

CO-TEMP-7

2234

23DE

COLOUR

CO-CHANGE

226C

2416

CO-TEMP-C

2273

241 D

HIFLSH

BORDER

2294

243E

BORDER

***-*

*•***

24D2

NEWDEV

**-**

****

2 5B9

PASSEM

PIXEL-ADD

22AA

2603

SCRMBL

POINT

22 CB

2624

F-PNT

PLOT

22DC

2635

PLOT

PLOT-SUB

22E3

2 63E

PLOTBC

STK-TO-BC

2 307

2660

GETXY

STK-TO-A

2314

2 66D

CIRCLE

2320

2679

CIRCLE

DRAW

2382

2 6DB

DRAW

CD-PRMS1

247D

2 7D6

DRAW-LINE

24B7

2810

DRAW-L

SCANNING

24FB

2854

EXPRN

SYNTAX-Z

2330

2889

INTPT?

S-ATTR-s

2580

28D7

F-ATTR

S-U-PLUS

2 5AF

2 96D

S-LETTER

26C9

2A8 7

S-FN-SBRN

27BD

2B7B

S-SCREENS-S

2535

288E

F-SCRN

S-RND

25F8

29B6

RND

S-PI

2627

29E 5

F -PI

S-INKEYS

2634

29F2

F-INKEY

FN-SKPOVER

28 A3

2C69

NXT-HL

LOOK-VARS

28B2

2C7 0

FIND-N

stk-f-arg

2951

2D0F

STK-VAR

2996

2D 54

GET-EL

SLICING

2A52

2E1 0

SLICER

STK-ST-0

2AB1

2E6F

STK-STO-1

2AB2

2E70

PSHSTR

STK-STORE

2AB6

2E74

PAEDCB

INT-EXP-1

2ACC

2E8 A

DE, (DE + 1 )

2AEE

2EAC

GET -HL*DE

2AF 4

2EB2

LET

2AFF

2EBD

LET

L-ENTER

2BA6

2F64

L-ADD-S

2BAF

2F6D

L-STRING

2BC 6

2F84

L-FIRST

2BEA

2FA8

STK-FETCH

2BF1

2FAF

POPSTR

DIM

2C02

2FC0

DIM

J5PECTRUM

TS

2068

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

NAME

Addr

Addr

NAME

ALPHANUM

2C88

3046

ALNUM?

ALPHA

2C8D

304B

ALPHA?

DEC-TO-FP

2C9E

3059

STKSUM

NUMERIC

2D1B

30D9

DIGIT?

STK-DIGIT

2D22

30E0

STACK-A

2D28

30E6

STK-A

STACK-BC

2D2B

30E9

STK- BC

INT-TO-FP

2D3B

30F 9

ININT

E-TO-FP

2D4F

3100

INT-FETCH

2D7F

31 3D

LDDE

P-INT-STO

2D8C

314A

STDE-U

INT-STORE

2D8E

314C

STDE-S

FP-TO-BC

2DA2

3160

FP2BC

LOG ( 2tA )

2DC1

317F

FP-TO-A

2DD5

3193

FP2A

PRINT-FP

2DE3

31A1

OUTPUT

CA=1 0*A+C

2F8B

334A

PREP-ADD

2F9B

335A

FETCH-TWO

2FBA

3379

SUMSLD

SHIFT-FP

2Fdd

339C

SHIFT

ADD-BACK

3004

3 3C3

SUBTRACT

300F

3 3CE

SUB

addition

3014

3 3D3

ADD

HL=HL*DE

30A9

3468

MULT

PREP-M/D

30C0

347F

multiply

30CA

3489

REPORT-6

31 AD

3 56C

ERR6

division

31 AF

356E

DIVIDE

truncate

3214

3 5D3

TRUNC

RE-ST-TWO

3293

3052

multiply

30CA

3489

TIMES

RE-STACK

3297

3656

FLOAT

FP calculator start:

32C 5

3684

CALCULATE

335B

3 71 A

CTRO

f p-calc-2

3 3A2

3761

TEST- 5-SP

3 3a 9

3768

ROOM?

STACK-NUM

3334

3773

STK-M

MOVE-FP

3 3C0

377F

RAMNO

STK- DATA

33C6

3785

SKIP-CONS

33F7

3 7B6

LOC-MEM

3406

37C 5

ARRAY

get-mem-0

340F

37CF

s tk-zer o

341 B

37DA

s t -mem - 0

342D

3 7EC

EXCHANGE

343C

37FB

series-06'

346A

3829

NEGATE

346E

382D

NEGATE

sgn

3492

3851

in

34 A 5

3864

9

BOOK REVIEW

Product :
Machines :
Price :
From:

Key-finder Card

TS2068

$1.95

Banta Software
8088 Highwood Way
Orangevale, CA 95662
916/722-4895

Some things turn out more use¬
ful than you would at first think--
this card is one of them. When I
first got it, I stuck it on the
2068 test setup — what harm could it
do? But I shift computers all day
using the entire Sinclair family
plus Osbornes and TRS-80's. I save
a few minutes each time I use the
2068 by finding functions without
scanning the whole keyboard twice.

Banta's concept is simple — a
multi-column reference card with
functions listed alphabetically,
followed by the cursor necessary,
then the key combination that pro¬
duces the function.

Execution of the concept is
adequate, it's printed on cardboard
and designed to fit above the 2068
keyboard. The type is dot-matrix,
black on matte gray. Consistent
l.inework on the 7 sections of the
table keep you from losing your
place. A score mark helps you fold
the upper edge to position the card

This product is so simple, you
could make one yourself. What you
could not do is make it for $1.95!

VAL$ ON YOUR 2068

To see what VAL$ does, enter:

RUN the program and see on the
display what each function does.

You can use this to print both your
formula and its number value from a
string variable. Succinctly put,
VAL$ gives you the string that VAL
evaluates, the right-hand side of
the equation for A$, by returning
some steps earlier. If you have
access to a Spectrum manual, you'll
find its explanation clearer than
that offered by Timex.

This feature is one of the
subtleties implied by the statement
"Sinclair machines always call the
expression evaluator", and plays a
role in the sometimes odd report
codes that result from failures at
intermediate steps.

SINCLAIR SOFTWARE FOR ZX/TS

We found a relative handful of the
original Sinclair tapes in an old
New England mill. All new, in good
shape. If you don't have these fun
and useful programs, better move
quickly. NOT AVAILABLE IN STORES.
These are classic programs for
ZX/TS computers. All use 16K RAM.

Complete your collection, pick up
what you need now. Just these
ten titles still available:

VU-CALC

VU-FILE

COUPON MANAGER
STOCK OPTION ANALYZER
CHESS (WITH CLOCK.) j
CUBE GAME >

BACKGAMMON & DICE
FLIGHT SIMULATOR
SUPER MATH
MIXED GAME BAG

Now you can buy these for $9 each,
any 3 for $25. Save BIG, buy 6,
get all ten — FOUR FREE PROGRAMS —
just $50. Free offer limited to
first 180 customers — DON'T DELAY —
ORDER NOW FROM SYNTAX.

ZXK still available — get a spare
lO

© 1984

TIMEX EXROM

SPECTRUM

TS

2068

SPECTRUM

TS

2068

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

LABEL,

ROM

ROM

LABEL,

NAME

Ad dr

Addr

NAME

NAME

Addr

Addr

NAME

peek

34AC

386B

SA-BYTES

04C2

0068

W-TAPE

usr-no

34B3

3872

SA-LEADER

04D8

007E

usr-$

34BC

38D7

SA-LOOP

04FE

00A4

TEST-ZERO

34E9

3904

TESTO

SA-BIT-2

0511

00B7

GREATER-0

34F 9

3914

SA-8-BITS

0525

OOCB

NOT

3501

391 C

SA/LD-RET

053F

00E5

W-BORD

less-0

3506

3921

REPORT-D

0552

OOFS

FP- 0/1

3 50B

3926

STBOOL

LD-BYTES

0556

OOF C

R-TAPE

or

351 B

3936

LD-BREAK

056B

0111

no-&-no

3 524

393F

LD-LEADER

0580

0126

str-&-no

3 52D

3948

LD-SYNC

058F

0135

no-1 -eql

3 53B

3956

LD-8-BITS

05CA

0170

s trs-add

3 59C

39B7

LD-EDGE- 2

05E3

0189

RD-BIT

STK-PNTRS

3 5BF

3 9DD

LD-EDGE-1

05E7

018D

RD-EDGE

chr $

3 5C9

39E4

LD-SAMPLE

05ED

0193

val -&- val $

3 5DE

39F9

SAVE-ETC

0605

01 AB

SLVM

s tr$

361F

3A3A

REPORT-F

0642

0228

read - in

3645

3A60

SA-NAME

064B

0231

code

3669

3 A84

SA-DATA

0652

0238

len

3674

3A8F

SA-V-OLD

0672

029A

dec- jr-nz

3 67A

3A95

sa-v-new

0685

02A9

DUMP

3686

3AA1

SA-SCR $

06A0

02F2

jump- true

368F

3AAA

SA-CODE

06C3

032E

end -calc

369B

3AB 6

SA-LINE

0716

0447

n -mod -m

36A0

3ABB

INTDIV

SA-ALL

075A

04C9

-#--***

****

3AC 5

LDMES

LD-LOOK-H

0767

04D6

in t

36AF

3ACA

INT

LD-NAME

07A6

053D

EXP

36C4

3ADF

EXP

VR-CONTROL

07CB

058F

VERIFY

1 n

3713

3B2E

LD-BLOCK

0802

05C6

ge t -ar g t

3783

3B9E

ANGLE

LD-CONTROL

0808

05CC

LOAD

cos

37AA

3BC5

COS

LD-DATA

082E

0606

sin

37B5

3BD0

SIN

LD-PROG

0873

0673

tan

3 7DA

3BF 5

TAN

ME-CONTROL

08B6

06E5

MERGE

a tn

3 7E2

3BFD

ATN

ME-OLD-VP

08F 9

0752

asn

3833

3C4E

ASN

ME-ENTER

092C

0799

acs

3843

3C5E

ACS

ME-ENT-1

093E

07CF

sqr

384A

3C65

ROOT

ME-ENT-3

0958

0825

to-power

38 51

3C6C

TO-THE

SA-CONTROL

0970

0851

SAVE

*•#•-**

3C89

SEPRMT

SA-l-SEC

0991

089A

(note:SEPRMT are

1 tape

msgs . )

'spare 1

386E

3CDC

'EMPTY'

The balance

or tXKUM contains

charctr-set

3D00

3D00

CH-SET

the hunction Dispatcher

, Bank

Switching Lode ,

and various

The Spectrurr

} does

. not

support

other routines ,

which

does not

the followin

i g r o i j

1 1 ines

.

have counterparts

in the bpectrun

* ** *

** *-*

1 7B5

AROS

A total of

approximately 2K Bytes

** **

1 7CF

GETAL

of EXROM is

unused .

* ***

1 7E A

AR-LN

1 7FF

AR-NXT

1 8C6

AAROS

11

TOWERS OF HANOI — 8K/16K & 2068

This program demonstrates the
use and manipulation of a 3-dimen¬
sional string array, N$(R,C,9), by
tracking occupancy with a numeric
array, P(R,C). The program runs in
slow mode; you can see blocks move.

Both ZX/TS and TS2068 versions
operate in the same way, but the
following analysis refers to line
numbers in the ZX/TS program. You
can find the equivalent lines in
the color version, which has added
commands to enhance the colors and
different graphics that use T32068
color to advantage.

Line 60 reserves a grid of 230
spaces (P) , (10 rows (R) of 23

columns (C) ) . If P=l, the position
is occupied. P=0 means vacant. In
N$, position R,C can be occupied by
nine-character strings, shown by the
third dimension of N$, (line 40).
Five strings (A$ — the blocks) will
be used (line 5 0) and designated 1-
5 (lines 70-110) .

Lines 130-200 build, and 270-
320 label, three platforms. Our
first platform is topped with five
blocks (lines 210-240). The others
remain empty, for now.

FROM loop F (in lines 450-580)
removes the top block (lines 490-
510) (P=l) and empties the space by

resetting variable P=0.

TO loop T (lines 590-710)
seeks an empty space (P=0) from the
bottom up, deposits the block there
(line 650) and makes P-1 at the new
position (line 680).

S (line 430) tabulates moves.
You need at least 31. How few can
you use to move all the blocks?

Enter the program listing as
shown, then SAVE by using GOTO 820
for the ZX/TS version or GOTO 760
on your TS2068.

When program displays, press
any key to make the game start.

Exit the program with BREAK. Re¬
start with RUN.

W. C. Andrews, San Anselmo, CA

SOLUTION

MOVE PIECE FROM TO

1113

2 2 12

3 13 2

4 3 13

5 12 1

6 2 2 3

7 113

8 4 12

9 13 2

10 2 3 1

11 1 2 1

12 3 3 2

13 1 1 3

14 2 1 2

15 1 3 2

16 5 1 3

17 1 2 1

18 2 2 3

19 1 1 3

20 3 2 1

21 1 3 2

22 2 3 1

23 1 2 1

24 4 2 3

25 1 1 3

26 2 1 2

27 1 3 2

28 3 1 3

29 1 2 1

30 3 2 3

31 1 1 3 /

This program tests your moves to
see if you placed a larger piece
atop a smaller one. If so, you are
chided and told to move it back.

If you ignore the instruction, you
can still cheat. In addition, it
fiendishly refuses to let you put a
piece back on the pile you took it
from (line 440). From 1 to 3, 5
times, lets you win in 5 moves,
despite the fact that the tower is
completely inverted.

12

SoftSync — ORDER FROM SYNTAX

REMEMBER — SYNTAX CAN GET THESE BOOKS FOR YOU

Timex-Sinclair 2068:

Beginner/Intermediate Guide $9.95

Intermediate/Advanced Guide 9.95

ZX/TS:

ZX-81 BASIC Book 12.95

Timex-Sinclair 1000/ZX81 User's Handbook 5.95
Timex-Sinclair BASIC Primer W/ Graphics 9.95
ZX81 , TS1 000 Home Computer Book 8.00

Crash Course in Microcomputers 2d 21.95

Please add $2 P&H for EACH book ordered

SPACE COMMANDO

The amalgamation of friendly planets has
commissioned you to infiltrate Zircon 12, a space
colony overtaken by the evil Dr. labor and his
renegade androids. Here the dreaded Dr. Zabar
established a home base and research facility
for his twisted experiments using the native
populace of Zircon 12 as guinea pigs.

Your quest is to infiltrate Zircon 12 and defeat the
forces of evil so that the space fleet can land.

16K $14.95

SHARK'S TREASURE

You are diving in shark infested waters in
the middle of the Indian Ocean where the last
known pirate ship lies wrecked on the bottom of
the sea. The perils of these waters have preserved
the fabulous* riches that were the pirates' bounty
over 100 years ago. Find the hidden treasure and
escape unscathed from the jaws of death.

16K $14.95

SoftSync — ORDER FROM SYNTAX

STRATEGY

SUPERCHESS

SUPERCHESS is probably the most advanced
chess game available for the ZX81 and TS1000
computers - so good you'll probably start to talk
to it. SUPERCHESS is an extraordinary player and
has many features not found in any other
computer chess game. Some of the features
include:

• Ten levels of play. Higher levels are designed for
extended games and problem solving. • Select
tactical or positional evaluation. • ANALYZE
feature allows you to set up and/or change a
position by adding and removing pieces. • All
legal moves including castling and pawn
capture en passant are allowed. • SUPERCHESS
has a store of standard openings. • Excellent graphic board display includes a coordinate
system and standard algebraic chess notation. • Up to 15 previous moves displayed. • The
computer will recommend moves if you're stuck. • SELF-PLAY allows you to watch SUPERCHESS
play against itself. • Detailed documentation and playing instructions are included.

Licensed from CP Software ^ ^ $1 9 95

MAZOGS

MAZOGS is one of the cleverest, most
graphically elaborate games we've ever seen for
the Timex 1000 and Sinclair ZX81. You enter a
complex maze which contains a glittering and
fabulous treasure. But also inside the maze is a
host of fearsome MAZOGS.

The program draws a different maze for each
mission. You can get an overview of the whole
maze, but while you're playing the game you see
only the corridors which you will be running
through (you control a lifelike character that
actually runs through the maze). As you search
for the treasure, you pick up a sword to fight off
the furious MAZOGS and find prisoners (they have dark, flashing eyes) to guide you to the
treasure.

MAZOGS has three levels of play, including the adventurous level of Maniac Mobile Mazogs.
MAZOGS, the only graphically illustrated adventure available fortheTS1000/ZX81, is so much fun
you'll find it hard to drag yourself away from it. $19 95

Licensed from Bug Byte

ROAD TO RICHES

One minute you're bankrolling a big-time,
splashy Broadway show, the next minute you're
on a one-way trip to Palookaville.

jjjp — «s*i That's the world of high rolling, high finance and

Y \ that's ROAD TO RICHES, a game in which you're

^ an instant millionaire and you compete to build

MJ& your financial empire.

*■■■■ g— 1: Up to four players make investments in all kinds of

The computer carefully weighs each investment
and your chances for winning or losing. Like real
life, low risk usually medns (but not always) low
yield while high risk can mean big bucks or bust.
How's your financial prowess when it comes to the risk and skill of a true entrepreneur? ROAD TO
RICHES simulates the fast-moving financial world in an entertaining and educational way.

16K $14.95

Most of the error-checking in
this program can be defeated or
ignored easily. But the program
does a good job for an honest,
cooperative user.

Many programs offer this style
of writing to wor.k_*. You should now
add error traps so that the program *
can not fail. Be creative in your
testing — try moving from 1 to 2,
then from 2 to 1 — this should not
win the game! Also try from 1 to
2, 2 to 3 , 2 to 3... Hmmmm !

See if you can find ways to
make these programs use less array
space without changing the 10 by 23
part of the DIM statements. Does
N$ need 9-character strings? Does
P need to be a number (7 bytes for
each location) ?

Can you make the anti-cheating
loop put the piece back and charge
you two moves? — KO

Each issue brings you 32 pages o-f usable in-formation, program
listings, product reviews, programming articles, harc^are
projects, and applications -for your computer. T-S HORIZONS
■features nationally known authors like Paul Hunter, Gordon
Young, and others. The price is ONLY $15.00 -for a -full year
(12 issues). AND -for a limited time only, new subscribers
will receive our special telecommunications issue (#7, see
below) *FREE* with their subscription.

IN T-S HORIZONS * 7
Byte Back Modem Review
2068 Programming Tips
How a Comp i 1 er Works
Tel ecommumi cations
■for Beginners
Book & Game Reviews
Rotating Globe Routine
Articles By G. Young
and Paul Hunter
Sinclair Into. Network
TS-1000 Power Supply
-and more ' ' !

HORIZONS

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CITY _ _ _

SEND TO: T-S HORIZONS

2002 Summit St STATE, Z1P_ _

PORTSMOUTH, OH 45662

T-S Hariunx

Time* Compute* US**

TS-206S IS- 1000/1511

PR0CR A MS BANK SWITCHING 4

TIPS “WORN "• CONCLUDED

REVIEWS POWER SUPPLY?

Ri«m A Gossip Nf Colw _

T-S

Enter ZX/TS Graphics as follows:

70 3 spaces graphic eight inverse
one graphic five 3 spaces
80 3 spaces inverse space

inverse two inverse space 3
spaces

90 2 spaces 2 inverse spaces

inverse three 2 inverse spaces 2
spaces

100 space 3 inverse spaces inverse
four 3 inverse spaces space
110 4 inverse spaces inverse five
4 inverse spaces
160 graphic eight 7 graphic H's
graphic five

170 graphic eight 3 graphic H's...

3 graphic H's graphic five
180 graphic eight 7 graphic F's
graphic five
930 17 graphic sixes
940 inver se (space TOWERS space OF
space HANOI space)

950 17 graphic sevens
990 5 space inverse * space...
space inverse *... 5 space *
inverse (space NO space NO
space) * space

2068 First, remember the light part
of the key symbol means INK. Also,
we use SS to mean SYMBL SHIFT — hit
the black & 3 keys in graphics mode
to get "SS graphic three."

70 3 SS graphic eights 1 SS
graphic five...l SS graphic
five 3 SS graphic eights
80 3 SS graphic eights space...

space 3 SS graphic eights
90 2 SS graphic eights 2 spaces..

2 spaces 2 SS graphic eights
100 SS graphic eight 3 spaces...

3 spaces SS graphic eight
110 4 spaces... 4 spaces

160 SS graphic eight 7 graphic
threes SS graphic eight
170 SS graphic eight 3 spaces...

3 spaces SS graphic eight
180 SS graphic eight 7 SS graphic
threes SS graphic eight
930 17 SS graphic three
940 inverse (space TOWERS space OF
space HANOI space)

990 17 graphic three

14

ogas

x&hr*

tVSBKfo ss

MATRIX

PLANNER

An all-purpose
electronic i

spreadsheet i

$22 95 J

any 3 assorted

L>t! 1

,>****$

INVENTORY FORECASTING SLIDE SHOW CRITICAL NUMERIC

kni2e A useful word CONTROL GRAPHS

\ processing Two ways to Analyzes

m/ program keep track of growth

$19.95 inventories trends and

M $22.95 plots graphs

m $22.95

SCREEN KIT

Routines to

Creates and PATH Solves math ^BrtcutM Routines

runs video Gets complex formulas and ^Bmmand®r enhance

display shows scheduling draws graphs ^Brogramm* screen

$22.95 under control $24.95 ^F$19 95 ® displays

$19.95 Jr « 21 9 95

$39

plus

shipping

SPECIAL

SPECI AL>
SPECIAL

SPECIAL

MW-100 PLAIN PAPER--15 ROLLS — FOR JUST $10 <SPECIAL

plus shipping SPECIAL

GAME SOFTWARE SPECIAL :

Choose any combination of three from the following nine programs - Retail Value up to $51.85

GULP LABYRINTH PILOT GRAPHIC G

Gobble your Can you find Cockpit A challenge

way through your way controls 18-hole

mazes, chased through that teach you golf course

by ogres 3-D corridors’ howto $g 95

$15.95 $15.95 navigate

219 95

any 3 assorted

*

GRAPHIC GOLF CROSSWORD ANAGRAMS WORD TEST MULTIPLE

A challenging Create and play Try to put the All kinds of CHOICE

your own scrambled questioi

crosswords words answer

$15.95 back in order $15.95

$15.95

WORD TEST MULTIPLE COSMOS

All kinds of CHOICE Hyperspace

question and Can you pick laser battles

answer tests the correct among the

$15.95 answer’ stars!

$15.95 $15.95

$29

$5 SHIPPING CHARGE PER ORDER TO ONE ADDRESS

plus

shipping

Phone and written orders gladly accepted. Call or write ; The Harvard Group, Dept. SX

Money Orders, VISA, MC or checks. D* Box 457

™ M „z/. Harvard, MA 01451

Phone Number - 617-456-3661

SoftSync — ORDER FROM SYNTAX

FINANCIAL

THE ADVANCED

**«>* BUDGET MANAGED

%mm ■■ ■ DWL/N,CI n"«r'***v*CK

THE ADVANCED BUDGET MANAGER is the

** ultimate financial program for the Timex 1000

computer because it combines a financial data

mm'l base with a forecasting program.

" You can store a year's worth of projected and

iMUlifflCnD I actual expense and income for comparison and

lFLwWJl||li®05 IRS!? record keeping as well as access this financial

* data in many useful ways.

^ ^ ^ 3? 5* There are six income and 24 expense categories,

- all user defined. Choose from the menu to input
” or review data, analyze income/expense (pro¬

jected and actual) by month, category or total.
This management program, for both home and business applications, is easy to operate and
includes clear and comprehensive instructions. Making entries is simple, there is a built-in SAVE
feature allowing you to update your files and PRINT routine for hard copy. 16K 95

ISKBi . . ,mm:r .. stock MABKET

CALCULATOR

Iff ■KilWL _ _

IH1B

THE STOCK* MARKET CALCl

If you are currently an investor in the stock
market or thinking of investing, THE STOCK
MARKET CALCULATOR will be a valuable aid to
you. Detailed instructions will take a novice, step
by step through the process, while also offering
the more experienced investor a comprehensive
worksheet. STOCK MARKET CALCULATOR, written
by an experienced stock market executive,
actually contains two useful calculating programs.
The first, "MKT 1", consists of three sections: A NET
PRICE WORKSHEET which calculates commissions
on stock and option investments and provides total costs to buy or net from sale. PROFIT/LOSS
calculates commissions, net dollars and profit/loss based on the sale price of a stock or option. A
COVERED WRITE WORKSHEET calculates nearly every aspect of buying stock and selling call
options.

The second program, "MKT 2", adds a "Write Unwrapper" to the NET PRICE WORKSHEET, which is
invaluable to option writing investors.

Both covered writing programs allow you to re-enter any of the variables so you can try different
investment alternatives. 16K $^95

PERSONAL

BIORHYTHMS

Ever wonder why some days you feel
physically, emotionally or intellectually drained
while other days you feel like you're on a winning
streak?

According to research, peoples' lives are strongly
affected by three cycles starting from birth-
Physical, Emotional and Intellectual. These are
your Biorhythms and they have both positive and
negative characteristics.

By entering your birthdate into the program,
BIORHYTHMS will graphically illustrate your
monthly cycles so that you can analyze them
and take advantage of those days when a cycle
is on a positive swing and exercise caution when
a cycle is on a negative swing. Be especially careful during critical periods when a cycle crosses
from positive to negative. You can also print out your BIORHYTHMS with any ZX81/TS1000
compatible printer. $1495

BIORHYTHMS 16K

2K& IK GAMES

SPACE RAID/TS DESTROYER

These two fast moving graphics games,
written in machine code for the unexpanded
Ti mex 1 000 come together on one cassette. You'll
be amazed at the incredible speed, detail and
ingenuity squeezed into these 2K games.

SPACE RAID gives you five laser bases which you
can maneuver below a giant hovering space¬
ship containing one big, fearsome alien. Fire
away at the soft underbelly, knock out chunks of
the ship until you hit the alien where it really hurts
- his left foot. Ten levels of play.

Your TS DESTROYER flys out of hyperspace into
enemy turf. Waves of enemy warships, missiles
and meteors are coming from all directions. You

can shoot and maneuver but you can't outrun the guided missiles. Thirty levels of play. Both

games on one cassette.

2K $14.95

2K GAMES PACK

Six great, graphically illustrated games on
one cassette for the unexpanded Timex
1000:

COPTER PATROL - Blow out the enemy
defense system and rescue the hostages.

KILLER WHALE - As a hungry whale, you
must eat as much as possible before you have to
surface for air.

ASTROWALK - Can you reunite yourself with
the Mothership or are you destined to float
around space forever?

MONSTER MASHER - The Monster is on the
loose; you must reach the house before he gets
you!

STAR BLASTER - Guide your destroyer ship down the star cluttered galaxy blasting a path to
your home. DRAGON SLAYER — Escape the hunter - your reputation as a dragon is at stake!

2K $14.95

THIS MAY BE YOUR LAST CHANCE TO GET THESE

wanted SoftSync Titles for your ZX/TS. The
manufacturer wants the warehouse space for a
batch of IBM stuff but we begged for one last
chance for you to get what you want before an
unknown buyer can cart them off. All first-
quality, guaranteed good stuff. PAY NO MIND
TO THE PRICES IN THE DESCRIPTIONS — YOU PAY
LESS! Figure your bargain price: Count all
the great SoftSync tapes you want from these
pages. Multiply the number of tapes by $10.
Now multiply the number of tapes by itself &
divide the result by 5. Those are your extra
discount dollars! Subtract them (from N*$10)
to get your price. FREE P&H in N. America.
Offer expires Feb. 85— Limit 16 tapes/order.

SYNTAX is published monthly by a wholly-

owned subsidiary of The Harvard Group.

Syntax ZX80, Inc.

RD 2, Box 457, Harvard, MA 01451.

Telephone 617/456-3661.

Publisher:
Editor:
Consulting Editor:
Technical Consultant:

Kirtland H. Olson
Eric K. Olson
Ann L. Zevnik
Kirtland H. Olson

© Syntax ZX80, Inc., 1984. All rights reserved.
Photocopying prohibited. ISSN 0273-2696

OUR POLICY ON CONTRIBUTED MATERIAL

SYNTAX invites you to express opinions related to any Sinclair or Timex com¬
puter or peripheral, or the newsletter. We will print, as space allows, letters discuss¬
ing items of general interest. Of course we reserve the right to edit letters to a
suitable length and to refuse publication of any material.

We welcome program listings for all levels of expertise, written in either Sinclair
BASIC or Z80 machine code. Programs can be for any fun or useful purpose. We
will test run each one before publishing it, but we will not debug programs; please
send only workable listings. Ptograms submitted on cassette can be tested more
quickly and with less chance of error.

In return for your listing, we will pay you a token fee of $2.00 per program we
use. This payment gives us the nonexclusive right to use that program in any form,
world wide. This means you can still use it, sell it, or give it away, and so can we.

We will consider submissions of news and hardware or software reviews. Please
keep articles short (350-400 words). Again, we reserve the right to edit accepted
articles to suitable length. We will pay 7 cents per 6 characters, including spaces and
punctuation, for accepted articles.

When you send in articles for possible publication in SYNTAX, please include
the following information:

• How to operate the program, including what to input if it does not contain
prompts.

• Whether you can run the program over again and how.

• How to exit the program.

• The Syntactic Sum (program published in June 81;
send SASE for a free copy).

• What RAM size program requires.

• What ROM program uses (8K, 2068, Spectrum).

• For MC programs, what addresses must change to relocate the code and what
ROM calls are used.

We pay for this explanatory text at the same rate as we pay for articles in addi¬
tion to payment for the program itself.

If you want us to return your original program listing or article, please include
a self-addressed, stamped envelope. Otherwise, we cannot return submitted material.

DEADSOFT (TM)

Up to now, hardware freaks had
all the fun. No more — now software
junkies get an even break. SYNTAX
offers you broken software to fix
or use for parts in your projects.

"At these prices we can't test
'em." But it's the software that's
bad — the tapes are fine. High-
class stuff by famous authors, but
production messed up. Load it, fix
it, get working stuff and save big.
We'd charge more for educational
value, but the boss wants these off
the kitchen floor, so out they go —
cheap. Buy extras to give smart-
mouths who call your ZX/TS a toy or
put down your programming skills.

TITLE

FUNCTION

ORIGS

VIDEO PLAN*

SPREADSHEET

39.95

INVENTORY

FILE MANAGER

49.95

VIDEO AD

SLIDE SHOW

24.95

BREAKOUT (MC)

GAME

11.95

COMPUTACALC*

* Reviewed in

SPREADSHEET
SYNTAX Mar. 8 2

39.95

SPECIFY DEADSOFT (TM) AND NAMES OF
PROGRAMS WHEN YOU ORDER.

YOUR PRICE $6/TAPE, $25/5 TAPES PPD

SYNTAX, Harvard, MA 01451-0667
MC/VIS A/AMEX/DINERS /ACCESS/BARCLAYS
617/456-3661

(Cassettes unlabeled and unboxed,
manuals copied — Royalties prepaid)

Fill out the coupon below and mail to: SYNTAX, RD 2, Box 457,

□ My check is enclosed. □ Please charge my □ VISA

Make checks Payable to: □ Diner’s Club □ Mastercard

SYNTAX ZX80, Inc. □ American Express □ Access

□ Carte Blanche □ Barclaycard

Account number _

Harvard, M A 01451 1rtrw

/ sx!084

YES! Please send me:

□ The Combination II (13 issues of SYNTAX and SQ

Winter 82-Summer 83) . $58

□ The Catch-up II (SYNTAX Jan. 82-Jan. 84, SQ Winter

82-Summer 83, plus binder) . $77

Exp. date _ Bank number (MC only)

Signature _

Name _

Address _ _

City _ State _ Zip

Phone: Day ( _ ) _ Evening ( _ )

□ My subscription number is: _

□ This is a new subscription

□ THE WORKS II (SYNTAX Nov. 80-Dec. 83, SQ Winter

82-Summer 83, plus 2 binders) . $97

□ 12 issues of SYNTAX . $48

□ 3 issues of Syntax Quarterly (Winter 82-Summer 83) .. $25

□ 1 issue Syntax Quarterly □ Winter 82 i □ Spring 83

□ Summer 83 . $9

□ 1 Binder . $9 □ 1 issue of Syntax . $5

Telephone orders call
617-456-3661

These offers expire 02/28/85 — SUBSCRIBE NOW.

SYNTAX

CLASSIFIEDS

FASTFILE — Best filing program for
ZX81/TS1 000/15 00 or money back. See
ad last issue or write for more
information: Tom E. Cole,

1314 Speight #15,
Waco, TX 76706

*TEXTWRITER PLUS 64 WORD PROCESSOR*
USES TIMEX 64 COL DISP. W/2 068-FULL
EDITING-ANY PRINT WIDTH USING AERCO
I/F. $29.95 CC & MANUAL. TS 2 04 0
VERSION SOON. BOB FINGERLE, 39639
EMBARCADERO, FREMONT, CA 94538

TIMESCREEN tm (BASIC) $9.00 Z
Creativity and planning aid. X

Routines to enter and rearrange 8
data: 3 screen formats: calendar. 1
TALK 5 tm (BASIC) $9.00
Video communication aid for hand- 1
icapped. Instruc. to extend keys. 6
LLIST-GP tm (BASIC) $5.00 K
LLIST & COPY ROUTINES for Tandy

Graphic Printer & Parallel I/F. _ -

VA res. add 4%. Add $1 s&h for one
cass.& man.; $.50 ea. addl. From:
HAWC tm 4604 Apple Tree Dr

_ Programming _ Alex . . VA 22 310

1984 TAX RETURN HELPER
Form 1 04 0 & Sch. A,B,C,D,E. TS2 068
& TS1000 (16K RAM). $18 ($12 for
previous buyer s) +$1.5 0 s&h. From
KSOFT, 845 Wellner Rd. , Naperville,
IL 60540 312/961-1250. Check, Visa&MC

TS-2 068 _ PARALLEL PRINTER INTERFACE

cable-sw-shipping included $89.90
BYTE-BACK Rt3 Leesville SC 29070

INTEGRATED DATA SYSTEMS
Specials: $40 TS1000, $25 TS 16K,

$80 TS2 040. P&H $5/ord or $1.50/
RAM. Cheque/VISA/M/C. Catalogue $2
11 Brighton Av Toronto M4M 1P3

**** GAMES FOR THINKING PEOPLE ****
For ZX81 or T/S1000, 16K or T/S1500
KARTIK tm A crossword card game for
2-8 players. Words scored across,
down or diagonally. Lots of fun,
and educational I

TANGLE4 tm A new patented strategy
game for 2-4 players. Uses board
with hidden random directions of
movement revealed by pieces. Will
test your ability to think ahead.
INTR SPECIAL $15.00 ea . ( r eg. $1 9 . 9 5 )
+ 6.5% tax (CA residents) +$2 S/H.
Cassette or A&J Micro Drive Wafer.
Check or MO to: Willcocks Research
Consultants, 6321 W. 78th Place,

Los Angeles, CA 90045.

ROMPAK EPROM SOFTWARE CARTRIDGES
Many products available including:
ZXPROFILE ,OUICKLOAD ,TEXTWRITER,etC
Send SASE for free catalogue
ROMPAK 1525 Aviation Blvd. # Alll
Redondo Beach CA 90278

PLEASE TELL THESE VENDORS THAT YOU
SAW THEIR ADVERTISEMENT IN SYNTAX.

H\RV\RD

GROLP

Bolton Road, Harvard. Mass 01451

First Class

U.S. Postage

PAID

Harvard, MA
) Permit No. 8
01451